Sdlc Final Project free essay sample

Cost- the cost will include the process in data materials and supplies. Constraints- Address any problems that may affect the project through the implementation process. Risk- Identify any risk that may occur during or after the project. The Goals of the Project – The goal will be to create documentations for the development of a patient management system. The system should be designed for all patients to be documented confidentially, wait time for procedures should be limited or punctual, and patients should be checked on for security reasons. Supporting Measures for Success Patton-Fuller Community Hospital needs more unified patient experience and seeks an evaluation for the development of a patient management system to track patient check-ins, appointments, and surgeries. Physical measures are to determine the virtual degree of success, which includes improved reduced wait times, and improved patient satisfaction scores. The RPMS system is a selection of hardware, software, telecommunications components that are designed to work together or independently depending on the specific need (Resource and patient management system, n. d. ). The RPMS system not only works within its own resources it also has the capabilities of linking with other software programs to enhance the users experience. The patient management system will benefit the health care providers by allowing them access to all facets of the patient’s current and upcoming visits. The RPMS software has a administrative category is used to put together patient demographics, schedule appointments, check-in patients, discharge patients, and transfer patients to other departments or facilities within the health care system (Resource and patient management system, n. . ). The data captured in this application can be to evaluate and improve quality of patient care (Resource and patient management system, n. d. ). The RPMS administrative functions will provide the ability to track supplies and resources through electronic management that could provide substantial cost savings to the organization. The administrative application has the option to create ins urance claims, compile manual billings, conduct electronic billing statements, and track accounts receivables making it an efficient investment for the company (Resource and patient management system, n. . ). The RPMS is a system that can grow with the organizations future needs without the need for a complete restructuring of the system. The software applications can be interfaced with a large variety of software programs, the hardware has adaptable scalability, and the networking options are limitless (Resource and patient management system, n. d. ). The RPMS offers the ability to meet the demand for quality patient care and options that can improve the overall performance of Fuller-Patton Community Hospital. Senior management will have access to reports on financial aspects and patient care trends in the community. Health care providers can obtain reports on patient status and administrative personnel will have access to billing, account receivable information, and current and historical hospital census data at the click of the key board (Resource and patient management system, n. d. ). Summary of project feasibility The team was recruited for the purpose of analyzing existing work flow processes and to determine the feasibility of system improvements versus implementing a new patient management system (PMS). Evaluation of the current system revealed deficiencies in productivity, quality of care issues, redundancy errors, and inadequate outputs—specifically with statistical reporting. Additionally, user interviews revealed inadequacies with user interfaces. Analysis of business processes suggest inappropriate usage human resources for tasks which are more effectively completed by automation. After completion of analyses processes, it was determined that the existing system lacked the functionality needed to adequately accomplish the task at the desired level. Therefore, a new system is recommended—goals for which include improvements to the following: user interfaces, functionality, report generation, accessibility, error reduction, and quality of care. Despite the initial investment, the project is deemed feasible because the overall benefits far-outweigh the associated costs. That is, quality of care improvements yield widespread positive effects throughout the organization and allow it to remain competitive within its local marketplace. Current Business Process Summary Proposed system requirement list The service-request ph-001 for the Patton-Fuller Community Hospital and it is for a system that will track the patient check-in, appointments, and surgery. They need a customized solution capable of growing and shifting with the practice over time. Master Patient Index * Keeps a unique identifier for each patient * Mapped to multiple medical records if needed Scheduling * User friendly screens with flexibility and control * Intuitive and straight forward scheduling, viewing, and navigating * . Verify patient eligibility electronically and prevent revenue loss * Collect co-pay and patient balance Manage and track appointment requirements by visit type * Tracking of patient flow from check-in and through multiple stages of care Surgery * Surgery scheduling module provides complete out-of-office procedure and surgery scheduling functionality * Surgical and out-of-office-procedure appointments interact with compliance rules for tracking the compliance rules for tracking the completeness of documentation and regulatory compliance * Communicate with hospitals and surgery facilities Revenue Management Comprehensive patient accounting, billing and collection system * Design to increase clinic cash flow by improving the quality and efficiency of operation and workflow * Fully manage receivables, collections, and bad debt * Generates electronic patient statement resulting in cost saving in paper supplies, and printer costs Determination of Requirements The requirements of the proposed patient management system were strong-minded through a top-down method of analysis that first determined the scope of the problem and then identified the details of the problem (Satzinger, Jackson, amp; Burd, 2009). The project team used the habitual method in analyzing the system requirements and will use the same method in the design process to establish the requirements needed to meet the user’s needs. When determining the planning and software required in the development of the system we looked at how the system are used such as remote access, manual applications, and how the system will support these different applications (Satzinger, Jackson, amp; Burd, 2009). The following step in the determination of requirements is determining the user interfaces required and defining how the user will be interacting with the patient management system (Satzinger, Jackson, amp; Burd, 2009). The interfacing requirements will fluctuate by each user type in regards to the level of access and functionality the user will need. The administrative users will require access via standard PCs and physicians and nurses may require access via a PC, smart phone, and a personal digital assistant (PDA). Then the project team must decide the design of the interface in regards to the look and action (check boxes, data entry fields, and drop down selections, mouse interaction, and sound, video, and voice commands) of the screens (Satzinger, Jackson, amp; Burd, 2009). The response time required by the users is developed in the technical phase of the interface design process. The determination of the system controls needed to protect the data integrity and to safeguard the organizations assets is completed as the inal design activity (Satzinger, Jackson, amp; Burd, 2009). The user-interfaced controls define the user’s access, the system interface controls protect the system from other systems, application controls monitor transaction processing, and data controls protect the data from unauthorized user access (Satzinger, Jackson, amp; Burd, 2009). The final control is the network control which ensures that communications are protected within the system (Satzinger, Jackson, amp; Bu rd, 2009). Confirmed Requirements The mandatory system requirements are as follows: * System security detection and protection * System operational on PCs and portable electronic devices * Server components written in Java * System communication interaction using CORBA * Simultaneous viewing of patient information by multiple users * System auto-updates state and federal requirements * System generates alerts for missing or errors in patient information * System generates patient wait list * System monitors hospital census for bed availability System regulates physician and nurse patient assignments * System monitors physician and nurse department assignments * System auto-assigns patients to departments based on diagnosis, medical needs, or bed availability * System manages surgery schedules to avoid over-booking There are currently no optional requirements designated by the project team as all requirements of the system are needed to ensure the needs of the users are met. Proposed Systems Requirement List Now at Patton-Fuller Community Hospital, they want to make a more cohesive experience for patients. Therefore, it is important that all the system requirements are user friendly for patient and meet user requirements. Particularly, this system should abolish scheduling issues and keep a record of patient visits. This consists of keeping track of patient check-in, appointments, and surgery. Beneath is a list of the system requirements. Patton-Fuller Community Hospital’s patient management system needs the capability to: * Identify security/data breaches Operate on portable and desktop personal computers (PC) running the Windows operating system and using Internet Explorer * Server components are to be written in Java and communicate with one another using component interaction standards such as Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA) * Be collaborative to allow viewing at the same time of patient demographics and medical charts. * Collect patient data requirements * C ollect state requirements * Collect federal requirements * Collect generic data requirements * Determine design specifications * Identify application requirements Construct interface design * Administer the waiting list keep an eye on to see if there are any patients waiting for available beds and assigning them to doctors and beds once these become available * Required to schedule patient according to the following physicians cannot be schedule to work a area and operate at the same time * Patient scheduling assigning nurses and doctors to patients * Admissions admitting patients and assigning the patients to appropriate area * Surgery Management ensure no double booking Functional Requirements * Registration: add patients and assign ID Consultation: add area and assign to waiting list * Medical matter management: assign doctor, assign nurse, inform doctors, inform nurses, generate patient status reports hourly * System Database: include patient mandatory information (example- first name, last name, phone number, etc. ), allow users to update patient information, allow user to search for patient * Web-based application Non-Functional Requirements * Security: Patient identification and log on ID for users * Alteration any Alteration shall be done by the administrator in the department * Compliance The system must comply with the Regional Health Authority Regulations * Performance: Response time – one minute response time after checking patient’s information * Availability shall be available all the time * Capacity must support 1000 people at a time * User interface screen must respond with 5 seconds * Submission Must match Microsoft accessibility guidelines * Maintainability – Back-up system, error log * Consistency Proposed system process view The proposed implementation for the hospital is to increase customer satisfaction and to ensure the confidentiality of all patients. Through the process of a patient check in time and through the order of process that one must go through will be the catalyst of the improvement. These proposed processes will allow one to be successful in the improvement of the hospital. will now follow these steps: * Functional allocation modeling * Each of these proposed process will ensure that the Patton-Fuller Hospital will have a greater success than their past. It is normal during the analysis that more requirements and needs can reasonably be included into the processes. Through carefully prioritizing and planning each process can be carefully implemented and risk can be eliminated for a greater success rate in the effectiveness of the patient care. Logical system model Working on a project for Patton-Fuller Community Hospital, they want an evaluation for the development of a patient management system to track patient check-ins, appointments, and surgeries. The RPMS system is a selection of hardware, software, telecommunications components that are design to work together or independently depending on the specific need Preliminary design model Design trade-off approach the To accomplish intended goals of the project, several considerations must be made. Chiefly, the project must be delivered within the scope as described by stakeholders. Secondly, considerations such as associated costs, desired performance levels, and scheduling constraints must be evaluated. While upgrades to the existing system represent the lowest expense, this approach would not address the need for process and work flow reorganization. Additionally, the inherent scheduling and cost benefits do not justify this option. Consequently, it is advisable to forgo usage of the existing system in favor of implementing a new system. Designing the new system with new components is recommended because existing components lack the functionality, speed, and performance needed to automate many of the needed tasks under the newly designed work flow design. It also lacks the capacity needed to organize and store the amounts of data needed for report generation. Therefore, in lieu of a less costly, time-wise approach of overhauling the existing system, the more costly, yet more efficient new system will be implemented. Physical system model (Stacey) Testing Process Summary The System testing stage operates an important function in the software development cycle. The strategy for input must contain an application overview that will be tested in respect to its scope, functionality, criticality, and complexity. All specifications have to be met to mollify the stakeholders. Documents associated with the baseline application such as requirement, function, and design specification documentation should be included. Test scripts used consist of multiple test events that will include checkpoints, instructions, and results that are expected. Standards and procedures should include organizational, technical and client/stakeholder level standards and procedures that remain uniform. The tools and techniques used to establish the patient management system for Patton-Fuller Community Hospital are most important as well. Discussions held with major stakeholders to collect information is essential. A walkthrough of the application is a necessity as well as reviewing the documentation of baseline and test-ware ease. Substantiation has been established with the imposed model correlated with the system testing stage. The output phase of testing functions remains consistent with the strategy documentation. The strategy document are updated constantly throughout the entirety of the project and is made up of several sectors. Risk management is an intricate part of the testing process, which is also continual throughout the lifecycle of the project. Team C has used qualitative analysis, quantitative analysis, and has established a risk response plan as well as a team associated with monitoring and controlling identified risks. Testing are performed to assure all aspects of the project have been held up to the standards and expectations of the client and stakeholders, is within the budget that was established, and remains in the timeline determine by the client and stakeholders. The testing stage is a critical part of the quality and assurance plan and this stage of the project was implemented with the appropriate labor and tools needed to complete the assessment for Patton-Fuller Community Hospital. This section of the software development cycle takes up 30% of the completed process for the implementation of a system. Installation process and training plan summary (1st Section) Installation process has a priority in the development of any implementation. The overall job must be critically planned and data should be collected. The installation process will be developed from a group of individuals that has been setting meetings and analyzing the risks and the non-risks. The time to implement should not be longer than a week in order to keep the budget of training at a minimum and the costs of supplies at a standard. Each individual will be responsible for delivering feedback to ensure proper protocol for the hospital. Resources should be the knowledge of the system, the data that was acquired from stakeholders, and also the tools to carry the implementation in a positive direction. From this basic type of collecting and analyzing data one can come to the second stage of implementation that includes the method. Installation process and training plan summary (2nd Section) Installation, as with all aspects of the development process will be done in accordance with a structured methodology. Despite the inherent constraints—namely time, budget, and resources, in order to ensure a successful installation, this phase must adhere to the established standards. That being said, in consideration of time, the following schedule has been developed. Installation has an allotted timeframe of four business days and will take place on a department by department basis. By incrementally installing the system, the team will be able to identify any final issues that need to be addressed. Training will take place as installation is completed—in a similar department by department method. That is, as the system is installed in department one, training will begin for members of that department. This method of staggering training by department will lead to an overall allotment of five to six days of training which will exceed the installation allotment by two days—minimizing the number of days the development team will be needed on-site. This methodology will address the time and resource constraints of the project as external human and financial resources will be applied for shorter periods of times. Additionally, shut down of the existing system is limited and done in smaller increments. Documentation plan summary Systems Documentation: * Information needed for the ongoing maintenance and operation of the computer system * Structured for the technical systems professional Examples: technical diagrams, flow charts, database management structures, etc. User Documentation: * Easy to read (step by step) instructions for using the application system * Structured for non-systems professional It is important to keep clear and factual documents, because the maintenance staff will have to learn system, because the original system developers will have moved on to other new development projects. Also so the system development staff can add to the models to incorporate new aspects to the system. User documentation is to reduce the number of problem telephone calls that the developer receives from the customers and to minimize the amount of the new system training needed. Support and Maintenance Plan Summary Provide a plan outlining the responsibilities and resources necessary to support and maintain the proposed system, such as software, hardware, and networks. It is good practice to have documentation about your computing environment, have procedures in place and thoughts around other areas such as disaster recovery. I t is also important to have a backup person to go to if your main IT person is not around. Start with a description of your current infrastructure: * Inventory all equipment * Make a list of vendors contact data and account numbers * Create a detail network map Make a list of tools and applications you are currently use and what they do * Document any special configuration Maintenance Procedures: * Start a log book for keeping records of all activities * Set a time (downtime) when you can take the network down. Example: last Friday of the month from 1am to 3am Sever Maintenance * Check Hardware clean when necessary (machines, cables, switches, battery backup) * Review lo gs for errors. * Run MS Baseline Security * Make sure Antivirus protection up to date * Disk cleanup and Defrag. Updates: Install only during downtime. Before running updates make sure you back up the machine. Plan ahead with what updates you need to run (Microsoft, Firmware and other utilities) References Apollo Group, Inc. (2011). Patton-Fuller Community Hospital. Virtual Organizations Portal. Retrieved from BSA/376 – Systems Analysis and Design course website. Apollo Group, Inc. (2011). Patton-Fuller Community Hospital. Service Requests – Virtual Organizations Portal. Retrieved from BSA/376 – Systems Analysis and Design course website.

Jones 1 Essays - Americas, United States, Politics, Afro-Cuban, Cuba

Jones 1 Stone Jones African American Studies 3420 Professor Dr. Ollie Johnson Ph. D April 27, 2017 1) Frederick Harris states that "black vote rs put aside policy demands for the prize of electing one of their own to the White House" (p. 169) and implies that President Obama should be more responsive to the black policy agenda. Discuss whether President Obama should have been more responsive to black substantive concerns. What role do black voters and black leaders play in Harris' analysis of the Obama presidency? Preside nt Barack Obama impacted the lives of all African Americans, whether he got their vote or not. During his time in office for both terms, he disappointed the black community on a rainbow of levels. He promised to better the lives of Blacks, but evidently when it came to matters for us, we always came last to him. The president gave more attention to issues that benefitted all races, and people , as a whole, never putting the African American struggle as a priority at all. Blacks were just so happy to see a one of own become president, that we neglected to check his background to assure that he's the right candidate to carry out our wishes. Although he tried his best to accommodate the needs of the black communities, he failed ua in many ways as well. African Americans let ourselves down by putting all of our trust into someone that had not had our best interest at hand in the first place. We have definitely suffered and paid the price Jones 2 of the ticket in our own ways. However, our country was already in shambles when he took office, making his tasks extra complex to handle. Obama concentrated more on fixing the racial divide in America instead of pushing for equality that was rightfully ours to begin with. He constantly talked about his trials coming up, and how he was affected by discrimination all too often. Barack Obama did what any politician would do to gain a seat in office, and that was to falsify promises and to gain the trust of the voters. His ability to persuade us into believing he would be the best candidate for us was nothing shorter than the biggest let-down in history. When it came to racial matters, he'd always vaguely speak on them and often seemed as if he swept them under the rug. Most times he proclaimed racial equality to be first on his list to deal with, but clearly it was one he was brushing off. Obama talked about himself being black always put him at a disadvantage, but he never used his blackness to make proud moves for us. Most of his term in office was dedicated to defying what his colleagues thought of him and not smooth over issues that still haunt us after his run in the White House. Race wars had been taking place long before he took office, but they were magnified with the countless numbers of police beatings. This country faced turmoil when an outbreak of police brutality came about and law enforcement became the ones under tons of scrutiny. These matters were never addressed with the impression that our president cared, it's like he showed compassion only on camera. Barack Obama always challenged all Americans to confront the racial divide. He approached issues of race and racial injustice with his own personal experiences and thoughts. Anytime the president spoke about race, it was evident that you could feel the triumphs and pain he endured from childhood, throughout the many accomplishments he struggled to achieve. Obama treats race and racial injustice like the undeniable epidemic that it is. He only made it a Jones 3 priority to speak upon in the speech he delivered on March 18, 2008 in Philadelphia. I truly believe that it was one of the most heartfelt and influential speeches ever given. Barack Obama strived for Americans to grasp equal rights and justice by challenging them together. Like many of the people that fought for our rights in the civil rights era, Obama had the same beliefs that we could erase the racial gap by simply having the same train

Sample Bio Essay For Elementary Students

Sample Bio Essay For Elementary StudentsTo get started, you can create a sample bio essay or biography essay for elementary students. There are several ways to accomplish this, but one of the easiest is through creating a text file that contains all the information that you need for the various sections. Here are some suggestions to help you with your sample essay:Start with a basic paragraph format that gets progressively more detailed. You may decide to include a resource box and beginning of each section. Keep it short and to the point as much as possible, because this will be the first article that the class reads.In your full paragraph format, you can include other info about the student. In addition to saying their name, you can also say some other information. For example, 'This is a very sweet and kind young lady. She has many friends and enjoys studying and socializing.'The next section should also include the resource box. It is important to tell students how to get more in formation, so they can read the rest of the essay. It is also helpful to remind them that they will need to have their teacher to write this article as well.You can also include a summary at the end of the sample bio essay. The summary will also be filled out with the students in class, so make sure you include this part to help them understand how to fill in their own profile. This is your opportunity to allow them to share their thoughts with you and to give them a chance to express their feelings about the topic.Finally, you can also add photos to the sample. This is something that could be an effective way to communicate the theme of the essay. You will find that students will definitely appreciate being able to see these photos and read about them on the sample.Tsample biography essay elementary Use these ideas to help you with creating your sample essay. Don't forget to include your resource box and your introduction. Also, keep the resource box short and sweet to help you ge t the most out of the resource box.

Sir Gawain and Feminism Essays

Sir Gawain and Feminism Essays Sir Gawain and Feminism Essay Sir Gawain and Feminism Essay Essay Topic: Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Sir Gawain and Feminism Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is a lively Arthurian romance about a young knight of the round table who takes on the challenge of a mysterious green knight who wanders into Arthurs hall. The Green Knight asks Sir Gawain to strike him with his own axe, and in one years time he will return the blow. Time passes and Sir Gawain does everything in his power to procrastinate his impending meeting with the Green Knight. He leaves for his quest, and on Christmas day after wishing for a lace to hear mass, a shimmering castle appears in the distance and the lord of the castle welcomes Gawain inside. Little does he know, the welcoming lord is actually the Green Knight. This is the part of the story with women become involved, or should I say woman, because there is really only one who plays a large role in the story. There are others who are mentioned, or are included for smaller roles, but there is only one main character who also happens to be a female; that is my first problem with the text. I m aware that it was written in a time of courtly love, and when women werent looked at as contributors to society, but the lack of representation, not to mention the lack of good representation, is troubling. The story progresses and the Lord, whose name we learn is Lord Bertilak strikes a deal with Gawain, a sort of game, if you will. He will go hunting every day with his men and when he returns, he will trade whatever he has won that day for whatever it is that Gawain has acquired while staying at the castle. Gawain agrees to the game, nd they agree to start the next day. Their game progresses like this: Bertilak goes off to hunt and brings back some sort of kill each day, while Gawain stays home, he spends time with the beautiful lady Bertilak. She tries her best to seduce the Knight and each day succeeds in gaining kisses from him. The pals, Bertilak and Gawain exchange their winnings in a friendship reminiscent of todays bromance. That is until the final day when the Lady Bertilak convinces Gawain to let her give him her sash. Gawain of course, is ashamed of his betrayal to his friend and goes to bed nhappy. The next day Gawain is to meet the Green Knight to seal the deal, so he puts on all his armor including the green sash from Lady Bertilak. When big, bad mister Green Knight tries to cut off Sir Gawains head he cant do it. Eventually it is revealed that Lord Bertilak is actually the Green Knight himself and that the entire scheme was put together by Morgan Le Faye, the great evil sorceress mentioned in many Arthurian legends. After this, Lord Bertilak and Sir Gawain have a bro moment about how much women suck, and then go on with their lives. This leads me to my second point, throughout the entire text the women in the story are painted in a negative light. Lady Bertilak spends the whole poem attempting to seduce Sir Gawain, regardless of the fact that she has a husband or that Gawain is friends with said husband. This is regarded negatively by Gawain, and is illustrated by the language that talks about these scenes. Yet, Gawain is never once criticized for his part in the act of kissing Lady Bertilak, a married woman and the wife of his friend. The only egative impact of Gawains role in the courtly romance, is his own shame, but none 0T tne otner cnaracters Teel tne need to call nlm out on nls actions. In tne ena 0T tne story, Sir Gawain and Bertilak lament about how manipulative and deceitful women can be; they go on to discuss how women have been the down fall of many a historical men, such as Adam, Solomon, and Samson, but Gawain is never reprimanded for his actions, only for his dishonesty about the sash. The character of Morgan Le Faye is disguised as an old, ugly woman throughout the telling of the tale ntil the very end. Morgan is arguably an intelligent, yet cunning woman, because she came up the whole plot to test Gawains loyalty, but these characteristics are also played in a negative light. Any trait that a women possesses in this text, whether good or bad, is written off as bad or turned against them in some way. The men in the story are too quick to shed the negative light on the women, and not take any of the blame for themselves. The text as a whole is very enjoyable, but when looked at from feminists prospective, has a lot of problematic and troubling content.

Overview of the Glencoe Massacre

Overview of the Glencoe Massacre Conflict:Â  The Massacre at Glencoe was part of the repercussions of the Glorious Revolution of 1688. Date:Â  The MacDonalds were attacked on the night of February 13, 1692. Pressure Building Following the ascent of Protestant William III and Mary II to the English and Scottish thrones, many clans in the Highlands rose up in support of James II, their recently deposed Catholic king. Known as Jacobites, these Scots fought to return James to the throne but were defeated by Government troops in mid-1690. In the wake of James defeat at the Battle of the Boyne in Ireland, the former king withdrew to France to begin his exile. On August 27, 1691, William offered the Jacobite Highland clans a pardon for their role in the uprising provided that their chiefs swore allegiance to him by the end of the year. This oath was to be given to a magistrate and those who failed to appear before the deadline were threatened with harsh repercussions from the new king. Concerned over whether to accept Williams offer, the chiefs wrote to James asking his permission. Delaying over a decision as he still hoped to regain his throne, the former king finally accepted his fate and granted it late that fall. Word of his decision did not reach the Highlands until mid-December due to particularly harsh winter conditions. Upon receiving this message, the chiefs quickly moved to obey Williams command. The Oath Alastair MacIain, the chief of the MacDonalds of Glencoe, set out on December 31, 1691, for Fort William where he intended to give his oath. Arriving, he presented himself to Colonel John Hill, the governor, and stated his intentions to comply with the kings wishes. A soldier, Hill stated that he was not permitted to accept the oath and told him to see Sir Colin Campbell, the sheriff of Argyle, at Inveraray. Before the MacIain departed, Hill gave him a letter of protection and a letter explaining to Campbell that MacIain had arrived before the deadline. Riding south for three days, MacIain reached Inveraray, where he was forced to wait three more days to see Campbell. On January 6, Campbell, after some prodding, finally accepted MacIains oath. Departing, MacIain believed that he had fully complied with the kings wishes. Campbell forwarded MacIains oath and the letter from Hill to his superiors in Edinburgh. Here they were examined and a decision was made not to accept MacIains oath without a special warrant from the king. The paperwork was not, however, sent on and a plot was hatched to eliminate the MacDonalds of Glencoe. The Plot Apparently led by Secretary of State John Dalrymple, who had a hatred of the Highlanders, the plot sought to eliminate a troublesome clan while making an example for the others to see. Working with Sir Thomas Livingstone, the military commander in Scotland, Dalrymple secured the kings blessing for taking measures against those who had not given the oath in time. In late January, two companies (120 men) of the Earl of Argyles Regiment of Foot were sent to Glencoe and billeted with the MacDonalds. These men were specifically chosen as their captain, Robert Campbell of Glenlyon, had seen his land plundered by the Glengarry and Glencoe MacDonalds after the 1689 Battle of Dunkeld. Arriving in Glencoe, Campbell and his men were warmly greeted by MacIain and his clan. It appears that Campbell was unaware of his actual mission at this point, and he and men graciously accepted MacIains hospitality. After peacefully coexisting for two weeks, Campbell received new orders on February 12, 1692, following the arrival of Captain Thomas Drummond. That No Man Escape Signed by Major Robert Duncanson, the orders stated, You are hereby ordered to fall upon the rebels, the MacDonalds of Glencoe, and put all to the sword under seventy. You are to have special care that the old fox and his sons do upon no account escape your hands. You are to secure all the avenues that no man escape. Pleased to have an opportunity to exact revenge, Campbell issued orders for his men to attack at 5:00 AM on the 13th. As dawn approached, Campbells men fell upon the MacDonalds in their villages of Invercoe, Inverrigan, and Achacon. MacIain was killed by Lieutenant John Lindsay and Ensign John Lundie, though his wife and sons managed to escape. Through the glen, Campbells men had mixed feelings about their orders with several warning their hosts of the coming attack. Two officers, Lieutenants Francis Farquhar, and Gilbert Kennedy refused to take part and broke their swords in protest. Despite these hesitations, Campbells men killed 38 MacDonalds and put their villages to the torch. Those MacDonalds who survived were forced to flee the glen and an additional 40 died from exposure. Aftermath As news of the massacre spread across Britain, an outcry rose against the king. While sources are unclear as to whether William knew the full extent of the orders he signed, he quickly moved to have the matter investigated. Appointing a commission of inquiry in early 1695, William awaited their findings. Completed June 25, 1695, the commissions report declared that the attack was murder, but exonerated the king stating that his instructions regarding repercussions did not extend to the massacre. The majority of the blame was placed on Dalrymple; however, he was never punished for his role in the affair. In the wake of the report, the Scottish Parliament requested an address to the king to be drawn up calling for the punishment of the conspirators and suggesting compensation to surviving MacDonalds. Neither occurred, though the MacDonalds of Glencoe were permitted to return to their lands where they lived in poverty due to the loss of their property in the attack.

Managing communication, knowledge and information Essay

Managing communication, knowledge and information - Essay Example This paper seeks to establish an understanding of the meaning of communication, information and knowledge management, and show how these three aspects can be improved within an organization, including the integration of Information Technology systems to hasten company’s operations. In details, this paper will look at communication process, internal and external sources of knowledge and how managers can improve the communication process as well as communication skills. In addition, the role played by various stakeholders in ensuring effective communication is explained. Lastly, it also covers how IT systems can be used for collecting, analyzing, storing, disseminating and providing access to knowledge and information. Discussion Communication management Communication is the process of transmitting a message from a sender to a receiver in a comprehensible manner. It can also be the process of sharing thoughts, ideas, and feelings with others while making sure that those thoughts , feelings and ideas are well understood by the people concerned. Communication is all about speaking, listening as well as observing. Effective communication is crucial in the business world and personal life too. Since communication accounts for the difference between success and failure in many businesses and that it is critical to the successful operation of modern organizations, effective communication is an absolute must. Moreover, every person in an organization needs to understand the principals of effective communication. Companies everywhere are working towards the realization of Total Quality Management (TQM) and effective communication, and the manner in which individuals perceive and converse with each other in the workplace is crucial. Poor communication reduces quality, weakens productivity, and later leads to anger as well as lack of trust among stakeholders in an organization, and therefore, communication process is the guide towards the realization of effective com munication. In communication process, the passing of information from the sender to the receiver takes place, and individual who follow the process have the opportunity to become more productive. Communication process within an organization is usually determined by the nature of the organizational structure. Communication process is made up of four key components, which is encoding, the medium of transmission, decoding and feedback. The communication process begins with the sender who can be an individual, group or organization that initiates communication and ends with the receiver. The sender‘s attitude, experience, knowledge, skills experience, perceptions and culture have an influence on the message. Therefore, the sender is usually responsible for the success of the message, and the written words, spoken words and non-verbal language selected are paramount in ensuring the receiver interprets the message intended (Burnett & Dollar 1989). The encoding process is the first s tep in the communication process. A sender must encode, which means translating information into a message that represents ideas and concepts usually in the form of symbols, and it becomes a coded message which will now be communicated. The

Haier in the Global Business Environment Assignment

Haier in the Global Business Environment - Assignment Example This study outlines that the company i.e. Haier is one of the most renowned names in the global industry of electronics. The company has developed an appreciative image for itself within the industry owing to its innovative approach and product diversification along with the deliverance of quality products and services both in the Chinese and global market. It has been learnt that in the initial stages of its operations, the operations of the business was largely concentrated on the Chinese market due to the aspect that it has experienced immense growth in the same during its course of operations. The company started operations in the year 1984 with taking over of a defunct refrigerator factory by the CEO of the company. In the initial phase, the company was only involved in manufacturing of refrigerator and had to face stiff competition from the present players. However, somehow the company was able to sustain due to the quality and efficiency of its products, which were quite high as compared to the products and services of the competitors. The company was able to meet the demands and preferences of the customers to a considerable extent. This has consequently resulted positively for the overall business as Haier was able to reach a profit of 1 million RMB in the second year of its operations in China, which is quite commendable to say the least. This has paved the way for the company to expand the business in unexplored markets of China and in the global electronic market sector. Though the company was reluctant for business expansion in the initial phases owing to the aspect that it wanted to focus on quality of the products, but in the later stages, the company extended its operations in the global market segments. As a result of this particular approach, the company was able to reach a revenue figure of more than 400 million RMB in the next ten year of its operations in China.